Colo-rectal cancers are mostly cancers of elderly people seen above 60 years of age. However the incidence is increasing among younger and younger patients. It usually presents as an alteration in the bowel habits of the patient with increasing constipation or intermittent diarrhoea. Other features include blood in stools, abdominal cramping, bloating of the abdomen.
Treatment consists mainly of surgery sometimes coupled with chemotherapy. Rectal cancers may also need radiation therapy. Modern treatment methods have shown excellent results with an almost near normal post treatment outcome. The recent trends include surgeries like the inter-sphincteric resection of low lying rectal cancers which leads to a normal passage of stools avoiding the need for a permanent colostomy. Minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic and robotic resection have shown to reduce post operative pain and hasten healing.
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